A new species of the genus Camellia (Theaceae), Camellia shuangbaiensisG.P.Yang & B.H.Wu, sp. nov., from the central region of Yunnan Province of China is described. Camellia shuangbaiensis is morphologically similar to C. mileensisC. hongkongensis, but it can be distinguished by its smaller leaves with an ovate, abaxially tomentose lamina,14–16 bracteolessepals.